Ternary Operator (?:) simplifies conditional logic.
Supports nested conditions like (condition) ? A : (anotherCondition) ? B : C.
Helps write shorter, cleaner Groovy code.

Reference

Groovy Operators Guide
🔗 https://groovy-lang.org/operators.html
- Covers ternary (?:), Elvis (?: for null checks), and other Groovy-specific operators.
- Includes syntax and examples.
Groovy Style Guide - Ternary Operator Usage
🔗 https://groovy-lang.org/style-guide.html
- Provides best practices for writing concise ternary expressions.

Example

An employee receives a bonus based on their years of service:

If years of service ≥ 5, the bonus is 20% of salary.
Otherwise, the bonus is 10% of salary.

We will use the ternary operator (?:) to determine the bonus.

def calculateBonus(double salary, int yearsOfService) {
    return (yearsOfService >= 5) ? salary * 0.20 : salary * 0.10
}

// Example Calls
return calculateBonus(5000, 6)  // Expected: 1000.0
return calculateBonus(5000, 3)  // Expected: 500.0

The ternary operator replaces an if-else statement
This avoids multiple if-else statements, making the code clean and concise.

Instructions

Task 1: Check Even or Odd

Write a function that returns "Even" if the number is even, otherwise return "Odd".

def checkEvenOdd(int num) {
    return /* Student's solution */
}

// Example Calls
return checkEvenOdd(4)  // Expected: "Even"
return checkEvenOdd(7)  // Expected: "Odd"

def checkEvenOdd(int num) {
    return (num % 2 == 0) ? "Even" : "Odd"
}

Task 2: Determine Age Group

Write a function that classifies a person as "Child" (age < 13), "Teen" (13-19), or "Adult" (20+).

def getAgeGroup(int age) {
    return /* Student's solution */
}

// Example Calls
return getAgeGroup(10)  // Expected: "Child"
return getAgeGroup(15)  // Expected: "Teen"
return getAgeGroup(25)  // Expected: "Adult"

def getAgeGroup(int age) {
    return (age < 13) ? "Child" : (age <= 19) ? "Teen" : "Adult"
}

Task 3: Find Maximum of Two Numbers

Write a function that returns the larger of two numbers.

def findMax(int a, int b) {
    return /* Student's solution */
}

// Example Calls
return findMax(10, 20)  // Expected: 20
return findMax(50, 30)  // Expected: 50

def findMax(int a, int b) {
    return (a > b) ? a : b
}

Task 4: Check Voting Eligibility

Write a function that returns "Eligible" if age is 18 or above, otherwise "Not Eligible".

def canVote(int age) {
    return /* Student's solution */
}

// Example Calls
return canVote(17)  // Expected: "Not Eligible"
return canVote(18)  // Expected: "Eligible"
return canVote(25)  // Expected: "Eligible"

def canVote(int age) {
    return (age >= 18) ? "Eligible" : "Not Eligible"
}

Task 5: Check Positive, Negative, or Zero

Write a function that returns "Positive", "Negative", or "Zero" based on the input number.

def checkNumber(int num) {
    return /* Student's solution */
}

// Example Calls
return checkNumber(10)  // Expected: "Positive"
return checkNumber(-5)  // Expected: "Negative"
return checkNumber(0)   // Expected: "Zero"

def checkNumber(int num) {
    return (num > 0) ? "Positive" : (num < 0) ? "Negative" : "Zero"
}

Task 6: Check if a String is Empty or Not

Write a function that returns "Not Empty" if the string has content, otherwise return "Empty".

def checkString(String str) {
    return /* Student's solution */
}

// Example Calls
return checkString("Hello")   // Expected: "Not Empty"
return checkString("")        // Expected: "Empty"

def checkString(String str) {
    return (str?.trim()) ? "Not Empty" : "Empty"
}

Groovy Ternary Operator

Reference

Example

Instructions

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